
* 






« • o^ *^ 



* A 




V *:::^.<^^ 















O N 



L~ .r 



•^^1^^*,/ "^"-^ 






. %^^' 

s''-^'-:. 












4 C)>. 



c5°^ «^ 




i •" 'Ov A'' »■ 






iO" •:,*°' > 






* AV vis 









I" Ov A T' 



• "« A 








•^ 

1^ r<V <n 






4V ^ 



C. vP 













o_ V 




^■^ ^oo.l"*. ^. 



^O V^ ° 









^v ... °^. "»-•>' aO' v. ''•-• .^ 





•i-^ c"" 





vPC> 










■•'" "H-.^" "'A'- ^^/ -^S^"". "-^^ 



». -> 




* «? ^j>■, oT^ 



























> .<^ °^ « 




































• ,-^0* 




'b V" 




^^ <V "'"' _A° ^- " " \V 







- ^^. 
















V* **.M'<. c*. 



.0* 



« • o. 



v »' 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SOUIER 



LETTERS 



FROM 



FRANCIS PARKMAN 



TO 



E. G. SQUIER 



WITH BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES AND A 
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF E. G. SQUIER 

BY 

DON C. SEITZ 




CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA 
THE TORCH PRESS 
NINETEEN ELEVEN 



Two hundred copies only of this . .) 

first edition printed ^-^ 

• • rao3 



COPYRIGHT 19 H BY 
THE TORCH PRESS 



THE TORCH PRESS 

CCDAR RAPIDS 
IOWA 



^, 



f 



5\- 



3CI.A297340 



^ 



EPHRAIM GEORGE SQUIER, M. A., F. S. A. 

1821-1888 

Member of the Society of Antiquities of France; 
Royal Society of Antiquities of Denmark; Royal 
Society of Literature, Great Britain; Archaeo- 
logical Institute of London; American Ethnologi- 
cal Society; Academy of Natural History of Phila- 
delphia; President of the Anthropological Insti- 
tute of New York; Charge d'Affaires, Central 
America, April 2, 1849, to September 13, 1850; 
Member Mixed Commission under Claims Con- 
vention of Jan. 12, 1863, between United States 
and Peru, July 17 to Nov. 27, 1863; Consul for 
Honduras in New York, 1869; Editor Leslie's 
Weekly, etc., etc. 



TO THE MEMORY OF 

FRANK SQUIER 

1 840- 1 908 



INTRODUCTORY 

THIS handful of letters from Francis Park- 
man to E. G. Squier represents the remains 
of a correspondence, covering a relationship 
of more than thirty years, between the historian and 
the scientist and explorer. Mr. Squier carried on 
an extensive correspondence with many of the great 
minds of the last century, beginning with Hum- 
boldt. This, with the exception of the Parkman 
letters, was deposited in the Library of Congress in 
1908 by the late Frank Squier, of Brooklyn, New 
York, his younger brother, who acted as his execu- 
tor. 

Ephraim George Squier was born in the town of 
Bethlehem, Albany county. New York, June 17, 
1821, sixth in line of descent from Samuel Squier, 
who was the friend and auditor of Oliver Crom- 
well, Lord Protector of England, and later his first 
lieutenant. Two sons of Samuel Squier, Samuel 
and Philip, emigrated to America after the Restora- 
tion, and settled for a time in Boston, removing 
thence to Connecticut. Here the family made a 
place and a name for itself. Philip Squier the 
second, great-grandfather of E. G. Squier, was an 
officer under Wolcott in the Colonial expedition 
against Louisburg, and his son Ephraim of Ash- 



lo LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

ford, Windham county, was an active factor in the 
American Revolution. He was second in command 
to Colonel Knowlton at Bunker Hill, and com- 
manded a company in the Connecticut regiment 
that followed Benedict Arnold through the woods 
of Maine to Quebec, and took part in Montgom- 
ery's luckless assault. 

With what was left of this same regiment, he 
followed Arnold again at Stillwater in that famous 
charge that altered the fortune of the day and led 
to the surrender of Burgoyne. Putnam, Parsons, 
and Webb were his friends, and he was a trusted 
agent on more than one difficult detail from Gen- 
eral Washington himself. He served until the end 
of the war, and, returning to his farm, lived until 
he had passed his ninety-seventh year in 1842. 

Joel Squier, father of E. G. Squier, was a Meth- 
odist clergyman, and the income of a wandering 
minister of that faith did not permit much outlay 
for tuition, so the boy educated himself between 
periods of farm labor and attended such schools 
as the rural districts afforded. He became a teach- 
er first and then qualified as a civil engineer, 
but the panic period of i837-'38-'39 rendered this 
occupation unprofitable. He turned to literary 
work and in 1841 became a special writer on the 
newspapers at Albany, and as his first independent 
venture edited "The Poets' Magazine ; a Repository 
of Original and Selected American Poetry." But 
two numbers, April and May, 1842, were issued. 



INTRODUCTORY ii 

There was at the time a considerable agitation 
for prison reform, the organ of which was The 
New York State Mechanic. Mr. Squier wrote 
vigorously for the cause and soon became practi- 
cally editor of the paper. He also wrote many of 
the documents prepared by the State Mechanics' 
Association to influence public sentiment regarding 
prison conditions, which eventually accomplished 
solid results in doing away with abuses. He also 
organized branch Mechanics' Associations through- 
out the state and caused them to play an important 
part on the political side of the work. 

His success deprived him of employment. The 
cause won, the Association disbanded. The Brit- 
ish occupation of Canton aroused interest in China, 
and he wrote his first book -a compilation of facts 
about the Celestial Kingdom. In 1844 he estab- 
lished the Journal at Hartford, Connecticut, with 
"Henry Clay, one first, one last and only choice," 
as a platform in the great Whig campaign of that 
year. He not only edited the paper, but reorgan- 
ized and revivified the party in the state with such 
skill that Van Buren's trained battalions were rout- 
ed. The defeat of Clay in the nation disheartened 
Mr. Squier's Whig backers and he left Hartford in 
1845, to become editor of the Scioto Gazette, pub- 
lished at Chillicothe, Ohio. 

Here his first scientific aspiration took form. The 
ancient mounds of the Ohio caught his interest, and 
the leisure of a weekly newspaper office enabled 



12 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

him to make the researches in company with Dr. E. 
H. Davis that in due time culminated in that rare 
and valuable volume, Ancient Monuments of the 
Mississippi Valley, the first publication issued by 
the Smithsonian Institution. 

In 1846 Mr. Squier was elected clerk of the Ohio 
House of Representatives and was then able to de- 
vote more attention to science and exploration. His 
contributions to the literature of the Smithsonian 
Institution were so considerable as to bring him to 
the instant notice of savants here and abroad. Al- 
bert Gallatin became his intimate friend and gave 
him constant encouragement. Then began his corre- 
spondence with Humboldt and Jomard. Humboldt 
wrote of him: "With Dr. Morton's Crania Amer- 
icana, the work of Mr. Squier constitutes the most 
valuable contribution ever made to the archaeology 
and ethnology of America." He was elected to 
membership in the learned societies and became at 
once an authority upon aboriginal America at a time 
in the middle forties when "America" did not ex- 
tend beyond the Mississippi Valley and was so new 
that the study of antiquities seemed almost amusing. 
Mr. Squier gathered knowledge for the world and 
stored it with infinite care. 

From the aboriginal monuments of the west he 
turned to those of New York, and under the aus- 
pices of the Smithsonian produced Aboriginal 
Monuments of New York, which ranks with Lewis 
H. Morgan's League of the Iroquois in preserving 



INTRODUCTORY 13 

the scanty relics of knowledge concerning the red 
forbears of the Empire state. 

The election of Gen. Zachary Taylor as Presi- 
dent in 1848 gave the Whigs a chance, and in the 
distribution of offices the position of Charge 
d' Affaires in Central America was given to Mr. 
Squier, April 2, 1849. The Whigs rather prided 
themselves on favoring men of letters. Washing- 
ton Irving was sent to Spain after having indorsed 
Squier for Central America. Other indorsers 
were Prescott, the historian of Mexico ; Sparks, who 
edited the letters of Washington; Gallatin, Edward 
Everett, John L. Stephens, himself a pioneer ex- 
plorer in Central America; H. B. Anthony, of 
Rhode Island, long a dear and intimate friend; 
Bradish, Butler, Trumbull, and Potter, an array of 
supporters, as the National Intelligencer remarked, 
"at once imposing and irresistible." 

Then began that long and invaluable relationship 
with Central and South America that has since 
been coined into volumes of standard authority. 
The tropics made a lasting impression on his ob- 
serving mind; nor did he see them romantically 
or with the eye of the adventurer. He looked be- 
neath the verdure and the sky into the antiquities 
and utilities of the land, heedless of discomfort and 
with untiring energy, until he knew and had written 
down his knowledge. 

He came to the shattered remains of what had 
promised to be a prosperous Central American 



14 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

unity. The patriot Morazan had not long before 
been driven out and later shot by the half-breed 
Carrera. Morazan had really established a Unit- 
ed States of Central America, but the greed of the 
adventurer overcame patriotism and self-sacrifice. 
The confederation was disrupted and returned to 
its former parts, but Carrera remained for more 
than twenty years the brutal master of the situation, 
guiding afifairs from his stronghold in Guatemala. 
He called himself president, but he was a dictator - 
barefooted, sullen, and savage. With all the mixed 
conditions Mr. Squier came into quick harmony, 
and while his official term ended September 13, 
1850, unofficially he became the great authority on 
Central American affairs, and remains such still 
in his published works. His chief activity covered 
the period from the date of his appointment until 
he saw Walker, the filibuster, buried in the red- 
dened sands at Truxillo in i860. 

Mr. Squier had profound faith in the possibili- 
ties of material development in Central America - 
where every prospect pleased and only the poli- 
ticians were vile. He organized the Honduran 
Railroad, exploited a canal via the Nicaragua 
route, wrote clearly of the valuable native prod- 
ucts, and, in short, was the exponent of the dis- 
tracted little land. 

The great war between the states shut out Amer- 
ican interest in externals, and Mr. Squier became 
the editor of Frank Leslie's Illustrated Weekly^ 



INTRODUCTORY 15 

when that pictorial was at the height of its success, 
and remained in the employ of the house of Leslie 
in editorial positions until illness incapacitated him 
for active labor, about seven years before his 
death. He died in Brooklyn, New York, April 
17, 1888. 

The bibliography appended to this volume is a 
better story of Mr. Squier's life than any biographer 
can write. He put his career into his books. The 
volumes have become rare, and are treasured by 
collectors and libraries. 

D. C. S. 



THE LETTERS, 1849- 1870 



(No date, but evidently early in 1849) 

DearSquier: 

I am much obliged to you for the pamphlet which 
you sent me with a sketch of the New York earth 
works. I read it with much interest, but hope be- 
fore long to see a fuller account embracing all the 
plans, etc. I was glad to see the Delaware picture 
writing in the last American Review. By this 
time, I suppose you have changed your quarters as 
you told me you were going to do, on the morning 
when I smashed a bottle of Elliott's damnable com- 
pound in your room. A friend of mine, a Mr. 
Charles Norton,^ who is going to review you in the 
next North American, is coming to New York and 
will call on you. He takes an interest in ethnology, 
and though I do not think your ideas and his are in 
all respects congenial -as his education has been 
rather of the strict and precise sort-yet you will find 
him a most capital fellow and well able to appre- 
ciate all that you have done. Who published Den- 
onville's Expedition? Was it Marshall? If so I 
want to know him. 

Believe me, 

Very faithfully yours, 

F. Parkman 

iProf. Charles Eliot Norton. 



20 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

II 

(On the publication of the Oregon Trail and the beginning of Mr. 

Parkman's historial work) 

Boston, March 15, 1849 
DearSquier: 

I beg you will excuse my being silent so long, 
which was in consequence of being a good deal be- 
low par in point of health as well as an occurrence 
of some interest to myself which has just taken place. 
I was very sorry that I did not hear from Copway^ 
until he was on the point of leaving. I liked him 
very much and wanted to see more of him. Some 
time ago, I told Putnam to give you, in my name, 
a copy of the redoubtable Oregon Trail ^ which is 
just out. This is rather an awkward way of con- 
veying it to you and perhaps after all you have not 
got it yet- if so, pray drop in upon Putnam the 
next time you pass there. I have been writing a 
little, but only a very little. Let me have the par- 
ticulars of the Guatemala scheme -that is, what 
position it is you are anxious to reach, as it is possi- 
ble that I may be able to make some influence in 
your favor. Norton wrote me that he had seen 
you. I think you will find him an acquaintance 
worth having, not only as a good fellow but because 
he stands among a set of literary men whose opin- 
ions and influence are worth having. The unfor- 
tunate Trail seems likely to be choked under a mass 

'^ George Copway, the Ojibway historian and poet. 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 21 

of California books. If you can give it a push, 
you will do it a favor. 

I am at present grubbing into the history of the 
collision of the French and English in America, 
and tracing the effects which resulted therefrom to 
the Indian tribes, all this being considered as a sort 
of introduction to the history of the subsequent 
wars among the Indians themselves. 

I think I shall be in New York before the Spring 
is out, and till then, 

Believe me. 

Very faithfully, 

F. Parkman, Jr. 

Ill 

(Written after receiving notice of Mr. Squier's appointment to his post 

in Central America) 

Boston, May 13TH, 1849 
My DEAR Squier: 

I was very glad indeed to get a line from you 
before your departure for the land of El Vomito, 
not however, that I augur for you any unpleasant 
visitations from that source. I have heard of your 
visitation from the measles, an infantile weakness, 
of which I should hardly have suspected you. This 
infliction together with the cares of science and of 
state which are weighing upon you, would be 
enough to smash any man who was not bound to 
go ahead. This latter destiny is, I flatter myself, 



22 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

the one marked out for you, though I infer that 
you will have need of all your grit, as I am led to 
presume that Uncle Sam has burdened your shoul- 
ders with a greater load than you had bargained 
for: -that you will carry it through in safety, I 
do not doubt, nor do I doubt that the result of 
success will be such as to repay you for all your toil 
and trouble. Only don't let Politics swallow up 
science. They will pull together well enough and 
make a strong team -one however, which will re- 
quire a hand as strong as yours to manage it. I 
hope you will find an opportunity to send me a line 
now and then, though I, poor devil, am compelled 
to lay disabled in port, while others are prosper- 
ously voyaging on the high seas. Damn the luck- 
perhaps my turn will come some time. 

I have sent your letter to Mr. Marshall and am 
expecting his answer. Norton sails in a week or 
two, to my great regret. I hope that the map of 
the Iroquois country is not spoiled by your depar- 
ture, if so, I shall mourn over it as a lamentable 
casualty. Perhaps by the time your volume on the 
Guatemala is out, I shall come down with a narra- 
tive of backwood scrimmages -but that all depends 
on my luck. My eyes I don't mind. I can get 
along without them, but to have one's brains stirred 
up in a mush, may be regarded as a decided obstacle 
in the way of intellectual achievements. Give me 
the tithe of a chance, and I will do it. 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 23 

If I can do anything for you here, you will of 
course, make use of me, and meanwhile believe me, 
with the warmest wishes for your success. 

Very faithfully yours, 

F. Parkman, Jr. 

IV 

Boston, Oct. 15, 1849 
My DEAR Squier: 

I heartily congratulate you on the reception you 
met with at Leon, and particularly on the distin- 
guished success of your negotiations and a pledge 
of future success, should your ambition lead you 
deeper into Politics. The afifair is much talked 
of here and seems to excite very general attention 
everywhere as indeed it necessarily must. As for 
those fellows who have obligingly taken the king- 
dom of "Musquetia," under their protection,^ I 
trust you will lose no opportunity of snubbing them 
on every possible occasion. I am very glad that 
your political work has not suspended your re- 
searches and I shall look anxiously for a forthcom- 
ing volume on the Antiquities of Central America. 
As for me, I am rather inclined to envy you less 
for your success and your prospects, than for your 
power of activity. From a complete and ample 
experience of both, I can bear witness that no 
amount of physical pain is so intolerable as the 
position of being stranded and doomed to be rot- 

^ The seizure of Tigre by the British, which made some stir. 



24 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

ting for year after year. However, I have not 
abandoned any plan, which I have ever formed and 
I have no intention of abandoning any until I am 
made cold meat of. At present I am much better 
in health than when you last saw me, and I do not 
suflfer from that constant sense of oppression on the 
brain which then at times annoyed me beyond en- 
durance. I find myself able to work a little al- 
though my eyes are in a totally useless state, and 
excessively sensitive. The eyes are nothing to the 
other infernal thing which now seems inclined to 
leave me alone, good riddance to it; so I contrive 
to dig slowly along by the aid of other people's 
eyes, doing the work more thoroughly no doubt, 
and digesting my materials better than if I used 
my own. I have just obtained the papers which 
were wanting to complete my collection for the 
illustrative work on the Indians which I told you 
about. The manuscripts amount to several thou- 
sand pages. I am inclined to think the labor of 
collecting them might have been better bestowed, 
but I was a boy when I began it, and at all events 
it will be done thoroughly. 

The commission which you charged me with 
will be duly attended to, at an early opportunity. 
Charley Norton is I suppose by this time at Ma- 
dras. I saw his family the other day. They have 
several times spoken about you and will be very 
glad to hear of your luck. Mr. Gallatin's death 
is a blow to the Ethnologicals, and they will hardly 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 25 

find such a rallying point as his house was. 

If I can serve you in any way of writing or oth- 
erwise, I wish you would let me know and I shall 
be very glad to do anything in my power. By 
some practice I have caught the knack of dictating 
and find it as easy as lying. Drop me a line when 
you get a chance, and believe me, 

Very truly yours, 

F. Parkman 

V 

Boston, Nov. i8th, 1849 
My dear Squier : 

Your last note reached me a few days ago, and I 
shall certainly keep a bright look out for the pub- 
lications which will throw any further light on 
your proceedings. I was in New York the other 
day where I saw at the Historical Society's rooms, 
a number of boxes of antiquities marked with your 
name and apparently sent there by Mr. Cotheal. 
Your communications published in the Literary 
World and elsewhere have attracted considerable 
attention. Copway has recently come back from 
his Western tour and is now in New York pre- 
paring to publish the Traditional History of the 
Ogibhewas, and a collection of their legends. 

Between you and me I shall have no great faith 
in them. Copway is endowed with a discursive 
imagination and facts grow under his hands into a 
preposterous shape and dimensions. His scheme 



26 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

of settling the Indians is a flash in the pan, or rath- 
er he has no settled scheme at all, and never had 
any. I had a letter from him dated at Council 
Bluffs which was I believe the farthest limit of 
his travels. He had a great deal to say about the 
forest gentlemen, nature's noblemen, etc., but very 
little about the regeneration of the tribes. 

I enclose you a paragraph containing an account 
of some remarkable discoveries in the Navahoe 
country which was once as I remember the field 
of your own proposed researches, and where a vast 
deal doubtless, yet remains to be discovered. You 
will be rather surprised to hear that Hoffman, 
poor devil, became engaged to Schoolcraft's ^ 
daughter and took a fancy into his head that he 
was bound in consequence to avenge the wrongs 
of the Red race against the white men. This idea 
got such possession of him that his friends rightly 
concluded him to be mad and the match was bro- 
ken off. He then threw up his Government em- 
ployment and has not resumed it, in fact he is hard- 
ly capable. He made a desperate effort to act on 
Mrs. Emberg's advice and after such a result, it is 
not likely that he will try again. 

The Nortons desire to be kindly remembered to 
you, the ring was smilingly accepted and I am re- 
quested to return many thanks for the gift. Mrs. 
Norton has been very dangerously ill, but seems 

^ Henry R. Schoolcraft. 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 27 

now in a fair way to recover, especially since two 
days ago letters were received from Charley, an- 
nouncing his safe arrival in Madras. 
Believe me, 

Very truly your friend, 

F. Parkman, Jr. 
by C. S. B. 

P.S.-When you write me again, which I hope 
will be very soon, tell me what was the upshot of 
your plan of publishing in conjunction with Mr. 
Marshall, a map of the Iroquois country. I hope 
you have not abandoned it. Mr. M. has been de- 
livering a lecture touching on early Jesuit mis- 
sions, etc., which has been published in The Wes- 
tern Literary Messenger and of which he sent me 
a copy. O'Callaghan's first volume of the docu- 
mentary history of New York, is full of interest. 
You remember that you asked me by what author- 
ity it is stated that the Iroquois secured their pali- 
sades by an embankment of earth thrown up around 
the basis. By one of my notebooks, I find that the 
fact is mentioned by Cartier in his account of the 
village of Hochelaga which probably belonged to 
the Hurons and not the Five Nations though I 
have no doubt that the military structures of both 
were on the same plan. 



28 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

VI 

(To Mr. Squier in Central America) 

Boston, April 2, 1850 
My DEAR Squier: 

The spirit moves me to write from having read 
your personal narrative, sent to the Ethnological 
Society -a document for which by the way, I owe 
you a grudge, as it kindled in me a burning desire 
to get among fevers and volcanoes, niggers, In- 
dians and other outcasts of humanity, a rest- 
less fit which is apt to seize me at inter- 
vals and which you have unmercifully aggra- 
vated. I hear frequent mention of the idols, 
extremely curious and unspeakably ugly, which you 
have sent to Washington, and I hope some day to 
see the originals of those whose portraits figure in 
a late number of the Literary World. For my 
own part, I am usually kept a prisoner by the sen- 
sitive state of my eyes, which only permit me to 
come out like an owl after dark, but with the aid 
of an amanuensis I contrive to do a little reading 
and writing, and if nothing happens will probably 
finish the job in hand within a year, on which great 
occasion you will receive a presentation copy. 
There is nothing here of much importance in the 
literary way. Your friend Ticknor has come down 
with his three volumes on Spanish literature. Pick- 
ering's book is published in admirable style with 
fine engravings. It has been noticed in the Con- 
servative Review^ and other English journals, but 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 29 

I hear that the method and arrangement are ob- 
jected to as obscure. He goes for the derivation 
of the races of mankind from one source. Agassiz 
has written an article in which he aims at proving 
that both men and animals originated from differ- 
ent acts of creative power at different parts of the 
earth's surface. The Orthodox are at him in con- 
sequence, raising a great outcry about impiet\", and 
attacking him with texts of Scripture. If they 
could, they would serve him as the Church served 
Galileo. 

Norton has been up to Delhi and is now prob- 
ably in Egypt, having done up his undertaking in 
ver>^ handsome st}'le. He will probably remain 
abroad some time longer. It has been a Winter 
of excitement here, what with the threats of dis- 
union and the consequent panic among the cotton 
spinners, and other events of a more domestic na- 
ture. Prof. Webster of Cambridge, whom per- 
haps you know, was sentenced to death yesterday 
for murdering my uncle in his laboratory at the 
Medical College, in order to prevent the exposure 
of numerous frauds and swindling transactions of 
which he, Webster, had been guilt5^ All the town 
has been in commotion, and the feeling of satis- 
faction at the result of the trial is, I believe uni- 
versal. 

In the course of this Spring I expect to become 
domiciliated at Milton, within a few miles of here, 
where I hope some day or other to welcome you 



30 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

as my guest. Meanwhile wishing you all possible 
success, and an escape from fevers, snakes, dirks, 
revolvers and all other evils which may beset your 
path, I remain with warm regard, 

Very faithfully yours, 

F. Parkman, Jr. 

P.S. I had a letter from Schoolcraft the other 
day; he seems to be very busy about something 
but what the deuce it was, I could not tell. The 
second volume of the Documentary History of 
New York is already out. 

VII 

(No date, but evidently in 1850) 

Dear Squier: 

I hear through the papers that you are in New 
York. If you come to Boston, which I hope you 
will, you will find me established in a domicile of 
my own at Milton, where I hope you will take up 
your quarters during your stay. The advantages 
are, country air and a railroad conveyance morn- 
ing and night and through the day, to and from the 
City. Go to the Old Colony Depot near the U. S. 
Hotel in Boston, and get a ticket for Milton Lower 
Falls, and when there inquire for my house which 
is within five minutes walk of the Station house. 

I shall finish my book in a month or two. The 
subject is wholly new, and I am told it will take. 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 31 

Proposals for its publication are now before the 
Harpers -two vols., octavo. 

Come in person, if you can, and if not, let me 
hear from you. 

Yours very truly, 

F. Parkman 

VIII 

Milton, Aug. 5, 1850 
My DEAR Squier: 

Yours of the 21st of July came in due time. 
Stick to your good resolutions, finish your book, 
despatch your filial duties. Do up Newport and 
then come here. At Newport you will find half 
Boston, including some old acquaintances. When 
you come bring with you the proofs of your book, 
and I will write a notice of it I hope it is about 
Central America, personal experiences, etc. What 
the deuce has set our friend Bartlett ofif as Com- 
missioner on the California boundary? The Co- 
manches will make soup of him before he gets 
back. Drop me a line to tell me when I may ex- 
pect you -the sooner the better- and believe me. 

Yours very faithfully, 

F. Parkman, Jr. 

IX 

Milton, Sept. 6, 1850 
My DEAR Squier: 

I owe the Washingtonians a grudge for their 
scandalous behavior in carrying you off from my 



32 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

expectant eyes. So you've given up Nicaragua. 
All the better, I fancy for yourself and for your 
friends. Four years among Greasers and Indians 
vs^ith a touch of snakes, Alligators and El Vomito, 
would be unpalatable to the best stomached antiqua- 
rian. I don't wonder your Artist grew homesick, 
more especially as I fancy he hadn't much leisure 
time given him to swallow quinine and calomel. 

I don't despair of seeing you yet. After Octo- 
ber, by the way, I shall be in town where you will 
find me at my father-in-law's, Dr. Bigelow, but I 
hope to see you before that time at what you are 
pleased to call my classic retreat. 

Yours very faithfully, 

F. Parkman 
X 

Boston, Feb. i6, 1851 
Mydear Squier: 

I received your book yesterday- an accident pre- 
vented me from getting it sooner. Many thanks 
for the gift. I shall try to do it justice in the 
Examiner of next May, with some reference also 
to your former book with which I see a great part 
of the present volume is closely connected. 

You are ofif I suppose next month. Write and 
let me know your movements if you are not too 
much jammed up for time. I am now in the hands 
of the devils. 

Yours very truly, 

Parkman 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 33 

P.S. If you happen to meet the Editor of the 
American Review^ say a good word for me -some- 
thing in the way of introduction. I may have 
something to do with him hereafter. Thanks for 
the pamphlet about volcanoes, and for the portrait 
no less. The latter is a duplicate but so much the 
better. 

XI 
Boston, April 30, 1851 
My dear Squier : 

The Serpent Symbol came to hand a few days 
ago through Norton. Many thanks for it. Thus 
far I know nothing of its interior except the very 
captivating pictures of snakes, and unseemly phal- 
lic emblems which impress me with a desire for 
further information. What with the bustle of 
moving out of town, and the temporary discharge 
of my reader, I am left for the present eyeless. 
The reader, however, will soon resume her labors, 
when I propose to enlighten her mind by a con- 
templation of the reciprocal powers of nature and 
the superstitions thereto belonging. I send you 
along with this letter a copy of the Examiner in 
which something is said of yourself and works. 

Do you stay long in New York? I shall soon 
be established for the Summer in Brookline. If 
you come this way you know how to find me and a 
hearty welcome. 

Yours truly, 

F. Parkman 



34 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

XII 

Boston, May 14, 1851 
MydearSquier: 

Not long since, I met Rev. Mr. Osgood, pastor 
of I don't exactly know what church in New York, 
who, hearing that I was to be delivered of a vol- 
ume, obligingly offered his services as a Wet 
Nurse and proposed to exhibit the book at a meet- 
ing of the Ethnological Society, that receiving 
their approval, it might figure in the reports of 
their proceedings and thereby gain glory and re- 
nown, I have accordingly sent him a bundle of 
the proofs. But for his offer, I might have in- 
flicted them upon you, and you owe the Reverend 
gentleman thanks for having saved you from a 
bore. If you have any curiosity to look them over, 
he will lend them to you. At all events give them 
your vote at the meeting, and when you chance to 
meet any of the editors with whom your voice is 
potential, speak a word in their ears in behalf of 
the forthcoming Conspiracy of Pontiac. 

Among the tribulations of your life, you have 
not yet numbered the crowning evil called par 
excellence "moving." I have just tasted it in all 
its bitterness but am snugly shaken down at last, 
and divide my time between antiquities, agricul- 
ture, and educating a dog. My box is in Brook- 
line, four miles from town. 

F. Parkman, Jr. 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 35 

XIII 

(On the publication of the Conspiracy of Pontiac) 

Boston, July 9, 1851 
My dear S. : 

A friend of mine reading my proof sheets, vol- 
unteered to write a preliminary puff. I assented 
and told him to enclose it to you, and you would 
put it in the Am. Review^ or some other Journal 
This was a fortnight ago. Meeting him to-day he 
told me that he had already manufactured and 
sent the puff. I had not expected -he being a 
dilatory gentleman, such prompt execution, and 
so did not warn you. I really don't care whether 
the thing is published or not so if it will give you 
the least trouble, pray let it alone, enough has been 
done already to answer the purpose. If it is quite 
in your way, and if, in reading the paper, you think 
it will serve its end -I myself have not seen it -you 
can give it to your old friends of the American - 
to Ripley, or anybody you like. Otherwise fling 
it into the fire. 

When I last wrote, I had not seen the very kind 
notice in the International^ which I presume to be 
yours. Be assured, I highly value your commen- 
dation - no man's more so - and nothing could be 
more acceptable than such a token of your friend- 
ship. 

You got my note of a few days since? I hope 
you will find it worth while to attend to the hints 



36 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

contained in it. As for the matter I have been 
speaking of, it is not of a farthing's consequence. If 
the paragraph is published at all, it had better be a 
month hence than now. "Pontiac" won't be out 
till September. Some delay is caused by waiting 
for an English edition, which Bentley is to father. 

Your obliged friend, 

F. Parkman 

XIV 

Boston, Sept. 12, 1851 
My DEAR Squier: 

I have just sent you a copy of my book- Adams 
Express care of Putnam. When will your own ship 
be launched? I saw in Norton's Advertiser or 
somewhere else that you would be ofif again this 
Fall and no mistake for Central America, accom- 
panied by an Artist who I hope will serve you bet- 
ter than the last. In regard to the present afifair, 
can I do anything for you? The literary gentle- 
man who concocted the puflf of which I wrote to 
you, has marvelled greatly at its non-appear- 
ance at which his vanity is touched. I pro- 
fess ignorance as to what has become of it and 
advise him to a diligent examination of the con- 
temporary New York papers. Wherever it is I 
doubt it's in the right place ; but whether you threw 
it into the grate or devoted it to Cloacina you need 
not tell me, for I expect further queries before 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 37 

long and prefer to retain the plea of ignorance. 
Give me a hint of your movements, and believe me, 

Yours very truly, 

F. Parkman, Jr. 

P.S. A young heiress is yawling in the next 
room. Mrs. P. quite w^ell. 

XV 

Boston, Sept. 17, 1851 
My DEAR Squier: 

Yours of the 13th came to hand yesterday; I 
commiserate your situation and wish you a pros- 
perous deliverance. Quill driving in the Tartarian 
weather of last week is too serious a matter for a 
joke and as for the thirty pages of proofs, they will 
serve to expiate all your numerous past sins, and 
form a handsome balance against any which it may 
please you to commit in future. I think Littell 
will insert extracts. I met him the other day and 
with your matter in view, dropped a hint to that 
effect, so send along your sheets, and if he won't 
listen to reason, I will find some editor who will. 

Being just out of one scrape, I am plunging into 
a worse one. "Pontiac," thank Heaven, is off the 
stocks. When the next will be, I don't know, but 
suppose my hair will be grey first. Go to work 
at consulting fifteen hundred books in five different 
languages with the help of a school girl who hard- 
ly knows English and you will find it a bore; add 



38 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

to this the infantile music in the next room and you 
will agree that my iniquities have as good a chance 
of being atoned for as yours. 

Yours very faithfully, 

F. Parkman 
P.S. A w^ord in the ear of the American Re- 
view would not be amiss. He has my book. Just 
give him a hint to use it with propriety. 

XVI 

Boston, Sept. 20, 1851 
My dear S. : 

Why, the deuce, are you fagging yourself to 
death. Take a trip to England or anywhere else 
that will set you up. Nature has made you tough 
as a pine knot, but a pine knot won't stand fire. As 
for the matter of Pontiac, clear your conscience of 
that business. I have done nothing to serve you 
that I am aware of more than you have done for 
me, and if I had, it would not have been on the quid 
pro quo principle. The sheets have come to hand 
and shall be submitted to Littell on Monday. Per- 
haps I shall write again in a day or two, until then 

believe me, in haste, v *. 1 
' ' Yours truly, 

Parkman 

XVII 

Boston, Oct. 3, 1851. 

My DEAR Squier: 

Will you stop at Duyckinck's office and find out 

for me whether or not he has got a copy of Pontine. 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 39 

There was some trouble about it at first- the book 
didn't reach him for some reason or other. It has 
been forwarded since and I wish you would find 
out if he has got it and let me know; for as his 
paper is silent I think it possible that it may have 
miscarried. Littell will have your extract in his 
next week's number. 

Yours very truly, 

F. Parkman 

XVIII 

Boston, Nov. 3, 185 1 
My dear Squier : 

Let me congratulate you on having got through 
with your book which I hope will prove a Califor- 
nian gold mine. With respect to England, I was 
there only six weeks, seven years ago, and made no 
acquaintances except travelling ones, who by this 
time have forgotten me as I have them. The only 
man I know in London who can do anything ex- 
cept invite you to a stiffnecked, white cravated din- 
ner party, is an American who is, or has been con- 
nected with the British Museum, one of the sort 
commonly called ''smart fellers" with a consider- 
able knowledge of the world, a great knowledge of 
books and libraries, and an eye to the main chance. 
I should think you might find him a good acquaint- 
ance. Possibly you know him already - his name is 
Henry Stevens,^ but in case you don't I enclose a 

1 Mr. Stevens lived to compile a remarkable catalogue of the Ameri- 
cana in the British archives, published in 1903. 



40 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

note to him. I don't know his London address, but 
you'll easily find it by inquiring at the American 
Minister's or probably at Chapman's book store. 

As for Paris, since the death of my revered Uncle 
who dwelt there, and who was truly a jewel to the 
bewildered traveller, I can think of no acquaint- 
ance I have there except one old classmate, a good- 
natured eccentric fellow who walks the hospitals, 
and to whom I will gladly introduce you if you 
think it worth while. 

Can you take care of a parcel as big as an octavo 
volume to be delivered to Poussin, late French 
Minister to the U. S. The parcel may be left with 
Hector Bossange, the Paris book seller. I am 
sorry I can't do more for you. 

Yours very truly, 

F. Parkman 

P.S. It just occurs to me that one of my six 
score of cousins and a good whole souled fellow is 
in the firm of Baring & Brothers. It's queer enough 
that I didn't think of him before. You'll find a 
line to him enclosed. 



Here follows a long gap in the correspondence 
as preserved. The next letter bears the date of 
1859. 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 41 

XIX 

8 Walnut St., 
Boston, Aug. 15, 1859 
Dear Squier : 

Yr. Note has reached me, but minus the pro- 
spectus wh. it seems, has miscarried, but wh. may 
yet turn up. I can proffer no farther aid than the 
slight one of requesting a place for my name on the 
subscription list. I have lately come from Europe, 
whither I hope soon to return. My wife's recent 
death, with other causes, has of necessity changed 
my scheme of life for a time. I heard of your mar- 
riage some time ago. 
With all good wishes for your plans, believe me, 

Yours sincerely, 

F. Parkman 

Here is another break, until 1866. 

XX 

Boston, Jan. 18, 1866 
My DEAR Squier: 

I am truly glad to brighten the old chains again. 
I had read of your shabby treatment in respect to 
the Prescott papers and have ascribed the dog in the 
manger way in which they are held to the influence 
of Mrs. Prescott in her anxiety to taboo whatever 
belonged to her husband. I believe that they be- 
long to her son-in-law Lawrence, who on other 
occasions, has acted liberally. Last evening I saw 



42 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

Judge Lowell, son of the Trustee of the Lowell 
Institute, and put it to him that the community of 
the Hub were entitled to hear about the new dis- 
coveries in Peru from the discoverer himself, and 
I added more for his, Mr. Lowell's enlightenment. 
He took it well and is disposed as far as himself 
is concerned to act on the hint. His father, the 
Trustee, is not so approachable, and has his pecu- 
liarities, so that I must wait a little for a favor- 
able opportunity, but you may be sure that I shall 
not let it slip. If you do not lecture here it will 
be rather worse than ridiculous, in fact it is so 
that you have not been called here already. You 
may rely on me to push the matter all I can, as 
much for the sake of the public as for yourself. 

I did not know that you had suffered so much 
in your eyes. The symptoms being what they were, 
you were very fortunate to get off as you did. I 
have a fellow feeling with you in respect to * * *, 
who nearly blinded me, and for this and other rea- 
sons hated me to the extent of his capacity. For 
myself my eyes are still of little use and will do 
their work for only a few minutes. 

I have sent you to-day a copy of the Pioneers 
which I hope that you and Leslie will find to your 
liking. Never again come to Boston without let- 
ting me know. In summer a line to Jamaica Plain 
will bring me In winter I am to be found at No. 
50 Chestnut St. You see by this note that I don't 
use my eyes long even by day, my reading and 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 43 

writing are mainly vicarious -a trouble they say, 
of the optic nerve, chronic like everything else that 
gets hold of me. What has shelved me so long 
however, and deprived mankind of the benefit of 
my labors has been in the nature of a pressure on 
the brain, which had to be humored, lest worst 
should come of it. This and the optic nerve bus- 
iness being, say the doctors, in the same box. Now 
I hope with all my heart, that you are out of the 
woods. Pluck is a good thing but so is a good 
carcass. The first promotes the last, when backed 
with discretion -a quality which I beg to commend 
to you in respect to the use of your eyes, and so. 

Good bye, 

F. Parkman 
To Hon. E. G. Squier. 

XXI 

No. 50 Chestnut Street, 
Boston, Feb. 2, 1866 
My dear Squier : 

I have looked over the photographs with great 
interest, I now return them. I have had two con- 
versations with Mr. Lowell, I showed him the pic- 
tures. He is interested and seems favorably dis- 
posed. He says that he shall make out his list for 
the next series of courses in the course of this 
month, and I feel confident that you will hear from 
him. If not, I shall set others upon him and he 
will not cease to hear your name till he comes to 



44 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

reason. Mr. Sparks has already promised to write 
to him if necessary. 

If you will send me the pictures of which you 
speak, I can use them to your advantage, especially 
if they come before Wednesday next. A brief min- 
ute of the most important points of your discoveries 
would be well. 

Thanks for the Leslie. Did you get the book I 
sent you? ^^^^ faithfully, 

F. P. 
To Hon. E. G. Squier. 

XXII 
Jamaica Plain, 24TH Oct. '67 
My DEAR Squier: 

Yours of the 17th has just reached me -for it is 
three days since I last went to Boston. I am truly 
glad to hear of your return in good condition and 
"hard at work." 

I have had two letters from you, which came 
while I was in the West. When I got them I 
thought it more than probable that you would leave 
Paris before a reply could reach you - so wrote none. 

D'Avezais' information was very difficult and 
useful. I have since had a letter from Margry. 
Your Leslie^ with a notice of him and something 
about Peru, has not come. Don't let me lose it. 

Many thanks for your kind offices in the matter 
of the Pioneers. They are excellently placed. You 
will get the Jesuits by mail in a day or two. The 



LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 45 

introduction is ethnological -you had better read 
it, if you have time, the rest will do for a rainy 
Sunday when the inclemency of the weather keeps 
you from church. Some of the Catholics and some 
of the Puritans sputter at the book -others take it 
very kindly only regretting that the heretical author 
will probably be damned. Meanwhile he would 
be gratified to have his book known to the great host 
of the readers of Leslie. How about Peru? Is the 
book under way? With best remembrance to Mrs. 
Squier, 

Very truly, 

PARKMAN 

XXIII 

Boston, 29TH Feb., 1868 
Dear Squier: 

I met Ned Dana yesterday who told me that, 
about the time of Buchanan's election, being with 
you in Paris, he saw a certain French gentleman, a 
friend of yours, who said that he had a collection 
of papers of Montcalm which he meant to send to 
Prescott. You, like a good fellow, advised him to 
send them to me -but he has not. 

Dana don't remember his name. Can you send 
it to me? Dana is still very much under the weath- 
er, and suffers greatly. How is the Peru book? Go 
ahead. 

Pray remember me to Mrs. Squier. 

Very truly yours, 

F. PARKMAN 



46 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

XXIV 

DearSquier: 

I have looked over with interest your pamphlet 
on Peruvian monuments,^ and hope that it is an ear- 
nest of the greater work to come. Meanwhile I 
add it to my collection of Squier's miscellaneous, 
repeating to you the advice which I constantly bore 
my French correspondent Margry-who like you 
has a mass of invaluable material -publish and 
keep on publishing. 

By the way, has the name of the man with the 
Montcalm papers ever re-entered your memory? 
I found and bagged one but not that to which you 
alluded, which I failed wholly to trace. 

Very truly yours, 

PARKMAN 
50 Chestnut St., 

5th April [1870] 

1 Observations on the Geology and Archaology of Peru, a paper read 
before the American Geographical Society. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 

The Poets' Magazine; a Repository of Original and Select- 
ed American Poetry. Editor. Albany, 1842. 

But two numbers were issued, viz: April, and May, 1842. It 
was intended to be a national anthology of verse. 

New-York State Mechanic. Editor. Albany, 1843. 

Reports of the Committees on the Sing Sing and Au- 
burn Prisons. 8vo, pp. 18. Albany, 1843. 

Documents in Relation to State Prison Competition. 
Pp. 12. Albany, 1843. 

The Chinese as They Are; their Moral and Social Char- 
acter. By G. Tradescent Lay. Containing also: Illustra- 
tive and Corroborative Notes; additional chapters on the 
Ancient and Modern History, Intercourse, Population, Gov- 
ernment, Civilization, Education, Literature, etc., of the 
Chinese. Compiled by E. G. Squier. Large 8vo, pp. 116. 
Albany, George Jones, 1843. 

The Condition of the Laboring Population of America, 
and their Interests. 8vo, pp. 16. From the Working Man's 
Miscellany. Albany, 1843. 

Hartford Journal. Editor. Hartford, 1844. 

Scioto Gazette. Editor. Chillicothe, Ohio, 1846. 

Observations on the Uses of the Mounds of the West, 
with an Attempt at their Classification. Chillicothe, Ohio. 
8vo, pp. 14. New Haven, 1847. 

Journal of the House of Representatives of the State 
OF Ohio. Vol. Ixv. 8vo, pp. 663. Columbus, 1847. 

At this time Mr. Squier was clerk of the House of Representatives 
of Ohio. 



50 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

Observations on the Aboriginal Monuments of the 
Mississippi Valley; the Character of the Ancient Earth- 
Works, and the Structure, Contents, and Purposes of the 
Mounds; with Notices of the Minor Remains of Ancient Art. 
With illustrations. Pp. 79. 2 plates. New-York, Bart- 
lett & Wei ford, 1 847. 

Ne-she-kay-be-nais; or, The Lone Bird. An Ojibway Leg- 
end. 1848. 

Manabozho and the Great Serpent. An Algonquin 
Tradition. 1848. 

From the A7nerican Revieiv. 

Buxton's Migrations of the Ancient Mexicans Re- 
viewed. Paper read before the London Ethnological Society. 
Published in the Edinburgh Neiv Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 
xlvi. 

American Ethnology: Being a Summary of some of the 
Results which have followed the Investigation of this Sub- 
ject. 8vo, pp. 14. 

The Monumental Evidence of the Discovery of America 
by the Northmen (Grave Creek Stone) critically examined. 
Ethnological Journal. New York, 1848. 

Some New Discoveries respecting the Dates on the Great 
Calendar Stone of the Ancient Mexicans, with Observations 
on the Mexican Cycle of Fifty-two Years. Vol. vii. of 
2d series of Am. Jour?ial of Science and Arts. Albany, 

1849- 
New Mexico and California. The Ancient Monuments, 
and the Aboriginal, Semi-Civilized Nations of New-Mexico 
V and California, with an Abstract of the Early Spainsh Ex- 

plorations and Conquests in those Regions, particularly those 
now falling within the territory of the United States. 
From the American Revieiv, 1848. 

Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley: Compris- 
ing the Results of Extensive Original Surveys and Explora- 
tions. By E. G. Squier, A. M., and E. H. Davis, M. D. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 51 

Accepted for publication by the Smithsonian Institution, June, 
1847. Pp. viii, xxxix, 306. 48 plates. 4to. Washington, 
1848. 

Forms Vol. i of the Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge. 

Same, published for the authors. New- York, Bartlett & fVel- 
ford, 1848. 

Aboriginal Monuments of the State of New-York: 
Comprising the Results of Original Surveys and Explora- 
tions; with an Illustrative Appendix. Accepted for publica- 
tion by the Smithsonian Institution, October 20th, 1849. 
4to, pp. 188. 14 plates. Washington, 1849. 

Antiquities of the State of New-York: Being the Results 
of Extensive Original Surveys and Explorations, with a Sup- 
plement on the Antiquities of the West. 8vo, pp. 343. 16 
plates. Buffalo, Geo. H. Derby ^ Co., 1851. 

Historical and Mythical Traditions of the Algon- 
QUiNS. With a Translation of the "Walum-Olum ; or. Bark 
Record of the Lenni Lycnape." 8vo, pp. 23. 1849. 

A Monograph of the Ancient Monuments of the State of Ken- 
tucky. New Haven, 1849. 

From the Am. Journ. of Science and Arts. Second series, Vol. 
viii. No. 22. 

Gold-Hunting in California in the Sixteenth Century. 
American Review, January, 1849. 

American Antiquities. Journal of Commerce, 1849. 

American Archaeological Researches, No. i : The Ser- 
pent Symbol, and the Worship of the Reciprocal Principles of 
Nature in America. 8vo, pp. xvi, 9, 254. Plates. New- 
York, G. P. Putnam, 1 85 1. 

El Simbolo de la Serpiente y la Adoracion de los Prin- 
cipios Reciprocos de la Naturaleza en America. Por 
E. G. Squier, A. M. "Traduccion del Ingles por el Ldo. 
D. Jose de I. G. Garcia." 8vo, pp. 226. Habana, 1855. 

Report upon the Aboriginal Monuments of Western 



52 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

New- York. Paper read before the New- York Historical 

Society. 1 849. 
Discovery of America by the Northmen. Critical review 

of the works of Hermes, Rafn, and Beamish. 1849. 
The Great Ship Canal Question. American Review. 

1849. 
British Encroachments and Aggressions in Central 

America. The Mosquito Question. American Review. 

1850. 
The Spanish American Republics, and the Causes of 

their Failure. With portrait. American Review. Oc- 
tober, 1850. 
TiGRE Island and Central America. Message from the 

President of the United States, transmitting Documents in 

Answer to a Resolution respecting Tigre Island, etc., etc., 

Washington, 1850. 

Containing the Despatches of Mr. Squier, as Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary of the U. S. in Nicaragua, regarding the seizure of the 
Island of Tigre by the English, and also his Survey of the River 
San Juan, etc. Published by order of Congress. 

Message from the President of the United States, com- 
municating Information in Relation to the Difficulties betu^een 
the British Authorities and San Salvador. 8vo, pp. 99 
Washington, 1851. 

Containing the Despatches of Mr. Squier, as U. S. Minister to 
Central America. 

Review of the "Mosquito Question" and the Great 

Ship Canal Question. American Review. 1850. 
Letter to Hon. H. S. Foote, Chairman of Comm. For. Rel., 

U. S. Senate, on the Nicaragua Treaty. 1850. 
The following is a translation : 
E. George Squier, Nicaragua, y Henri Lytton Bulwer. 

Leon, 1 85 1. Another Spanish translation was printed at 

Granada, 1850. 
The Volcanoes of Central America, and the Geological 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 53 

and Topographical Features of Nicaragua, as connected with 
the proposed Interoceanic Canal. New-York, 1850. 
Critical Observations on Dr. Zesterman's Memoir on the 
European Colonization of America in Ante-Historic Times. 

1851. 

The Hieroglyphics of Mexico: an Exposition of their Na- 
ture and Use; containing also a Hieroglyphical Dictionary, 
and a Translation of several Historical and other Mexican 
Manuscripts. Edited by E. G. Squier. In MS. 

Lettre de M. George Squier a M. Jomard sur les Antiquites 
Americaines et la Montagne Serpent de Brush Creek. 
Bull, de la Soc. de Geographie. 

Travels in Central America, particularly in Nicaragua; with 
a Description of its Aboriginal Monuments, Scenery, and 
People ; their Languages, Institutions, Religions, etc. 2 vols., 
8vo, pp. xxii, 424 (?), iv, 3-452. 9 maps, 25 plates. 
MDCCCLIII. Also issued with the imprint: London, 
Longman & Co., MDCCCLII. 

Der Centralamerikanische Staat Nicaragua in Bezug 
auf sein Volk, seine Natur und seine Denkmaler. Nebst 
einer ausfvihrlichen Abhandlung iiber den projectirten inter- 
oceanischen Kanal. Von E. G. Squier ... Ins Deutsche 
iibertragen von Eduard Hopfner und mit einem Vorworte 
begleitet von Carl Ritter. Svo, pp. xviii and 570. Maps and 
plates. Leipzig, 1854. 

Ancient Peru ; its People and Monuments . . . Vol. vii, 
Harper's Magazine. 1853. 

Ruins of Tenampua, Honduras, Central America. Pro- 
ceedings of the Historical Society of New-York. New- York, 
October, 1853. 
San Juan de Nicaragua. Vol. x, Harper s Magazine. 

1854. 
Honduras and Guatemala. To the Editors of the National 
Intelligencer. New- York, 1854. 



54 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

Notes sur les Etats de Honduras et de San Salvador, 
dans rAmerique Centrale, par M. E. G. Squier. Extrait du 
Bulletin de la Societe de Geographie. 8vo, pp. 36. Map. 
Paris, L. Martnet, 1855. 

Lettre a propos de la Lettre de M. Brasseur de Bour- 
BOURG a M. Alfred Maury. Extrait des Nouv. Ann. des 
Voyages. Paris, A. Bertrand, December, 1855. 

Nicaragua; an Exploration from Ocean to Ocean. Vol. xi, 
Harper's Magazine. 1855. 

Notes on Central America, particularly the States of Hon- 
duras and San Salvador: their Geography, Topography, Cli- 
mate, Population, Resources, Productions, etc., etc., and the 
proposed Honduras Interoceanic Railway. With original 
map and illustrations. 8vo, pp. 397. 5 maps, 1 1 plates. New- 
York, Harper £sf Brothers, 1855; also London, 1856. 
It was translated into German and Spanish as 

Die Staaten von Central-Amerika, insbesondere Honduras, 
San Salvador und die Moskitokiiste. Von E, G. Squier. In 
deutscher Bearbeitung herausgegeben von Karl Andree. i2mo, 
pp. xlviii, 275. Folded plate. Leipzig, Carl B. Forck, 1856. 

Apuntamientos sobre Centro-America, particularmente 
sobre los Estados de Honduras y San Salvador; su Geografia, 
Topografia, Clima, Poblaciones, Riqueza, Producciones, etc., 
etc., y el propuesto Camino de Fierro de Honduras. Por 
E. G. Squier, Antiguo Ministro de los Estados Unidos cerca 
de las Republicas de Centro-America; traducidos del Ingles por 
un Hondureno, Don Leon Alvarado. 8vo, pp. xii, 384. 
Maps and plates. Paris, Imprenta de Gustavo Gratiot, 1856. 
Contains Vocabulary not included in the original. 

Honduras Interoceanic Railway. Maps and plans. New- 
York, 1854. 

Preliminary Report of the same. 
Honduras Interoceanic Railway. Supplementary Report. 

Pp. 32. London, Printed by Charles Whittingham, 1 856. 
Honduras Interoceanic Railway. With Appendix con- 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 55 

taining Report of Admiral Fitzroy, the Charter Treaties, etc. 

Royal 8vo, pp. xvi, lOO. 6 maps. 1857. 
Chemin de Fer Interoceanique de Honduras, Amerique- 

Centrale. Rapport de E. G. Squier. Svo, pp. 57. 6 

maps. New- York, 1855. 
Waikna; or. Adventures on the Mosquito Shore. By Samuel 

A. Bard. i2mo, pp. 366. New- York, Harper & Brothers, 

1855. 

The Appendix contains an Historical Sketch of the Mosquito 
Shore, and a brief Vocabulary of the Mosquito Language, pp. 363-6. 
It was twice reprinted in England, with the titles as below: 
Waikna; or, Adventures on the Mosquito Shore. By Samuel 
A. Bard. i6mo, pp. 188. London, Sampson Low & Son, 
1856. 
Adventures on the Mosquito Shore. By Samuel A. Bard. 
i2mo, pp. 310. Map, London, James Blackwood, 1856. 
It was reprinted in Australia, and translated into French and 
German. 

Reprinted also in Chicago in 1888, and in 1891 by The Worthing- 
ton Company, New York. i2mo, 366 pages, with 66 illustrations. 
Antiquities of New Granada. Translation from the Span- 
ish of a Letter addressed by M. Velez to M. Boussingault, by 
Mr. Squier. Paris. 
Question Anglo- Am eric aine : Documents Officiels echanges 
entre les Etats-Unis et I'Angleterre au sujet de I'Amerique 
Centrale et du Traite Clayton-Bulwer. Svo, pp. 225. Map. 
Paris, Stasson et Xavier, 1856. 
Compendia de la Historia Politica de Centro-America, 
escrita en Ingles por Mr. E. G. Squier, e traducido al Caste- 
llano por un Centro-Americano. Pp. vii, 114. Paris, Im- 
Prenta de G. Gratiot, 1856. 
Les Indiens Guatusos du Nicaragua. 8vo. Paris, 1856. 

Nouvelles Annales des Voyages. 

Les Indiens Xicaques du Honduras. Svo. Paris, 1858. 

Nouvelles Annales des Voyages. 

Information on the Coal Mines of the River Lempa, 
Republic of San Salvador, Central America. London, 1856. 



56 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

The States of Central America: their Geography, To- 
pography, Climate, Population, Resources, Productions, Com- 
merce, Political Organization, Aborigines, etc., etc. Compris- 
ing Chapters on Honduras, San Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa 
Rica, Guatemala, Belize, the Bay Islands, the Mosquito 
Shore, and the Honduras Inter-Ooeanic Railway. With 
numerous original maps and illustrations. (An enlarged 
edition of the "Notes on Central America" published first in 
1855.) 8vo, pp. 782. 5 maps and 8 plates. New- York, 
Harper & Brothers, 1858. 

Visit to the Guajiquero Indians. Vol. xix, Harper's 
Magazine. 1859. 

Volcanoes of Central America. Vol. xix. Harper's Mag- 
azine. 1859. 

Nicaragua: Its People, Scenery, Monuments, Resources, 
Condition, and proposed Canal. With 100 maps and illus- 
trations. A Revised Edition. 8vo, pp. 691. Map and 4 
plates. New York, Harper & Brothers, i860. 

Hunting a Pass: A Sketch of Tropical Adventure. Atlan- 
tic Monthly, i860. 

Ancient Monuments in the United States. Vols, xx, 
xxi, Harper's Magazine, i860. 

Collection of Rare and Original Documents and Rela- 
tions concerning the Discovery and Conquest of America. 
Chiefly from the Spanish Archives. Published in the Origi- 
nal, with Translations, Illustrative Notes, Maps, and Bio- 
graphical Sketches. No. i : Carta dirijida al Rey de Espaiia, 
por el Licenciado Dr. Don Diego Garcia de Palacio. 1576. 
Spanish and English. 4to, pp. 129. Map. New York, 
C. B. Norton, MDCCCLX. 

Translation by Mr. Squier. One hundred copies printed. 
Arte de Lingua Quiche, 6 Utlatica; compuesto por U. M. R. 
P. Fray Bartolome Auteo Religioso Minor de N. S. Pe San 
Francisco. With an Essay on the Quichis by Mr. Squier, in 
MS. i860. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 57 

Tropical Fibres; their Production and Economic Extraction. 
8vo, pp. 64. 16 plates. New- York, Scrtbner & Co., 1 86 1. 
Published in England by authority of the British Government. 

Frank Leslie's Pictorical History of the War of 1861-2. 
Edited by E. G. Squier. Numbers I to 33, inclusive. Folio, 
wrappers. New- York, 186 1-2. 

Is Cotton King ? Sources of Cotton Supply. Letter to Hon. 
H. B. Anthony, New- York, January 25th, 1861. 

Monograph of Authors Who Have Written on the Lan- 
guages of Central America, and Collected Vocabularies or 
Composed Works in the Native Dialects of that Country. 
4to, pp. 70. Albany, /. Munsell, MDCCCLXI. 

This is a brief account of one hundred and ten authors who have 
written on the languages of Central America, followed by a list 
of books and MSS. relating wholly or in part to the history, abo- 
rigines, and antiquities of Central America. 

Among the Andes of Peru and Bolivia. Vols, xxxvi, 

xxxvii. Harper's Magazine. 
QUELQUES ReMARQUES SUR LA GeOGRAPHIE ET LES MONU- 
MENTS DU Perou, par E. G. Squier, Ancien Commissaire des 

Etats-Unis au Perou. Extrait du Bulletin de la Societe de 

Geographic. 8vo, pp. 28. Paris, 1868. 
Tongues from Tombs ; or, The Stories that Graves Tell. In 

Vols, xxvii and xxviii of Frank Leslie's Illustrated News- Y 

■paper. 1 868. 
Observations on the Chalchihuitl of Mexico and Central 

America. 8vo, pp. 22. New York, 1869. 
Introduction and Notes to a Translation of A. Morelet's 

Travels in Central America. New York, Leypoldt, Holt ^ 

Williams, 187 1. 
Observations on the Geography and Archaeology of Peru. A 

paper read before the American Geographical Society. 8vo, 

pp. 27. London, 1870. 
The Primeval Monuments of Peru, compared with those 

in other parts of the World. With illustrations. American 

Naturalist. Salem, 1870. 



58' LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 

Great South-American Earthquakes of 1868. Vol. 
xxxviii, Harper's Magazine. 

Honduras, Descriptive, Historical, and Statistical. Post 8vo, 
pp. viii and 278. Map. London, Triibner & Co. ; New 
York, Holt ^ Williams, 1870. 

Travels in Central America, in regions unexplored since the 
conquest, by Chevalier Morelet ; notes by E. G. Squier, Page 
views. 1 2mo, pp. 430. New York, 187 1. 

The Antiquities of Peru. Translation from the Spanish of 
Don M. E. de Rivero and Juan Diego de Tschudi, by Mr. 
Squier, in MS. 

American Antiquities in second edition of American Ency- 
clopedia. 1873. 

Catalogue of the Library of E. G. Squier. Edited by 
Joseph Sabin. Sold at auction, April, 1876. 8vo, pp. 277. 
New York, 1876. 

Peru : Incidents of Travel and Exploration in the Land of the 
Incas. By E. George Squier, M. A., F. S. A., late U. S. 
Commissioner to Peru, Author of "Nicaragua," "Ancient 
Monuments of Mississippi Valley," etc., etc. With illustra- 
tions (frontispiece, etc.). 8vo, pp. 599. New York, Harper 
& Brothers, 1 877. London, Macmillan & Company. 

Reprinted by Henry Holt & Company from the Harper plates. 
New York, n. d. 

Traditions of the Algonquins. Published in a volume 
entitled "The Indian Miscellany," covering Papers on the 
History, Antiquities, Arts, Languages, Religions, Traditions, 
and Superstitions of the American Aborigines. Edited by 
W. W. Beach. 8vo, pp. 490. IlUustrated. Albany, New 
York, 1877. 

Honduras and British Honduras. By E. G, Squier. 
i6mo, pp. 39. Paper cover. New York, Charles Scribner's 
Sons, 1880. 



H 32 88 



OCV 5 »yi« 







°^ 






.'^'"■^ 



'* A. 




*\4<^ .»■•. V^"'„*^ --X "-''J^ .»■".-'* 






> « 












^\<-* \''—'.v'v %'^^'c,*^ \^f.^.•,^^ \' 









■ ^-t. A>*^ ^'i'i'- -^^ <;^ .^i.:^'*- <^^ A<)^ 



• AV'^. -^Ei^o .e.^^ o^ 






